In 60s, Indonesia imported ..tons of rice. BIMAS as a brief The GOI tried to increase the national rice production by implementing BIMAS (Bimbingan Massal) or mass guidance, a new program aimed to increase rice production in order to reach rice self-suffiency by promoting Pantja Usaha Tani (five endeavors): (1) proper land preparation, (2) proper irrigation, (3) use of improved seed, (4) use of fertilizer, (5) use of pesticides; and at the same time connecting farmers with access to input by channeling loan package through BRI Unit Desa or village-level (agricultural) cooperatives and the last is mass guidance provided by agriculture extension services supplemented by university students. Loan Package BIMAS' loan package consisted of pre-determined type and amount of inputs i.e. seed, fertilizer and pesticides. Inputs sometime inappropriate for local environment conditions Interest rate was subsidized by GOI; The subsidized interest rat...